

Based on the global HYCOM (HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model) reanalysis, Yu et al. They further revealed that the temporal variability in the Kerama Gap transport plays an important role in determining the Kuroshio transport in the ECS, which is associated with the impinging mesoscale eddies propagated from the Pacific Ocean. analyzed the above observational data and suggested that during the two-year observational period, the mean transport into the ECS from the Philippine Sea was 2.0 ± 0.7 Sv (1 Sv = 10 6 m 3/s).

Observations took place from June 2009 to June 2011. There has been one set of previous observations in the Kerama Gap comprising Current and Pressure-recording Inverted Echo Sounders (CPIES) and moored current meters. The volume transport of the deep overflow computed by integrating the cross-sectional velocity and through hydraulic theory are 0.14 and 0.11 Sv (1 Sv = 10 6 m 3/s), respectively. The density difference associated with the baroclinic pressure gradient across the Kerama Gap forced the deep overflow into the Okinawa Trough. In contrast, three extreme deep overflow events indicate that the arriving mesoscale eddies propagated from the east resulted in an increase in the density near the Kerama Gap sill than that on the Okinawa Trough side. Additionally, some portion of the dense water originates from a region east of Miyakojima, which can be related to the northeastward-flowing Ryukyu Current at intermediate depths. The variability in the deep overflow via the Kerama Gap is well-correlated with the density changes near its sill depth in the Philippine Sea. The observed deep overflow shows intraseasonal variations that are enhanced from August to November. The observations and model results show a strong bottom-intensified flow intruding into the deep Okinawa Trough. Everybody.Herein, the temporal variability of the deep overflow through the Kerama Gap between the East China Sea and the Philippine Sea is investigated based on observational data combined with reanalysis data obtained during 2004–2011.
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